ULTRASOUND ASSESSMENT OF HEMODYNAMIC INCOMPETENCE OF THE INTERNAL JUGULAR VEIN VALVE

Abstract

Cerebral venous outflow is a critically important component of brain hemodynamics, and its impairment is considered a significant pathogenetic factor in the development of chronic cerebrovascular dyscirculation. The internal jugular vein (IJV) functions as the main conduit for venous return from the cranial cavity. Its valvular apparatus provides an anti-reflux mechanism, preventing retrograde transmission of intrathoracic pressure in the cranial direction. Valvular incompetence leads to pathological retrograde blood flow, venous hypertension, and microcirculatory disturbances, contributing to the development of venous encephalopathy and cognitive dysfunction.