QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN ZIZIPHUS ROTUNDIFOLIA USING UV-VISIBLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY AND HPLC TECHNIQUE

Abstract

The present study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical profile, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and quantitative estimation of quercetin in the hydroalcoholic extract of Ziziphus rotundifolia. The extract was prepared using a hydroalcoholic solvent system, yielding 13.8% solid extract with a black appearance. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, glycosides, carbohydrates, tannins, phenols, saponins, and diterpenes, while alkaloids, proteins, amino acids, steroids, and resins were absent. The total phenolic content of the hydroalcoholic extract was found to be 0.214 mg/100 mg, whereas the total flavonoid content was 0.762 mg/100 mg. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis confirmed the presence of quercetin in the extract with a retention time (RT) of 2.624 min, corresponding closely with the standard quercetin (RT 2.536 min). The quantitative estimation revealed that the hydroalcoholic extract contained 0.148% quercetin. These findings suggest that Ziziphus rotundifolia is a potential source of bioactive flavonoids and phenolic compounds that may contribute to its pharmacological activities. Further investigations are warranted to explore its therapeutic applications.