A CRITICAL REVIEW ON MYOPIA AND ITS CORRELATION WITH DRISHTIGATA ROGA IN AYURVEDA

Abstract

Background Myopia is one of the most common refractive errors worldwide and is characterized by the inability to see distant objects clearly due to the focusing of light rays in front of the retina. The increasing prevalence of myopia, especially among children and young adults, has become a major public health concern due to excessive near work, prolonged digital screen exposure, reduced outdoor activities, and genetic predisposition. In Ayurveda, visual disorders are extensively described under Drishtigata Roga. Although myopia is not directly mentioned in classical texts, its clinical manifestations closely resemble conditions involving vitiation of Vata and Pitta Dosha affecting the visual apparatus. Understanding the correlation between myopia and Drishtigata Roga may provide valuable insights into preventive and therapeutic approaches based on Ayurvedic principles. Aim To critically review myopia and establish its correlation with Drishtigata Roga described in Ayurveda. Objectives To study the concept of myopia from modern medical literature.  To review Ayurvedic descriptions of Drishtigata Roga.  To analyze the probable correlation between myopia and Ayurvedic ocular disorders.  To explore Ayurvedic principles relevant to the prevention and management of myopia.  Materials and Methods Classical Ayurvedic texts including Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya, and relevant commentaries were reviewed. Modern ophthalmology textbooks, peer-reviewed journals, and published research articles on myopia were analyzed. Comparative evaluation was performed to establish correlations between modern and Ayurvedic concepts. Results and Discussion The pathogenesis of myopia can be interpreted through Ayurvedic principles involving Dosha, Dhatu, and Srotas dysfunction. Ayurvedic preventive measures and ocular rejuvenation therapies may contribute to maintaining visual health and reducing progression of refractive errors. Conclusion Myopia can be conceptually correlated with certain forms of Drishtigata Roga described in Ayurveda. Integrative understanding of both systems may support comprehensive approaches for prevention and management of visual disorders.