A CRITICAL REVIEW OF GRAHANI ROGA W.S.R. TO IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME (IBS)

Abstract

Background Grahani Roga is one of the important gastrointestinal disorders described in Ayurveda, primarily associated with impairment of Agni (digestive fire). It is considered a disorder of Annavaha Srotas where improper digestion leads to formation of Ama and disturbed bowel habits. In modern medicine, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional bowel disorder characterized by abdominal pain, altered bowel habits, and absence of structural pathology. Both conditions show striking similarities in clinical presentation and chronicity. Aim To critically analyze Grahani Roga and correlate its conceptual and clinical aspects with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Objectives To study the classical concept of Grahani Roga in Ayurveda To understand the role of Agni, Ama, and Dosha in its pathogenesis  To correlate the symptomatology of Grahani Roga with IBS To evaluate Ayurvedic principles in the management of IBS  Materials and Methods This study is a conceptual and literary review based on classical Ayurvedic texts such as Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridaya, along with modern medical literature on Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Comparative analysis was done to establish similarities in etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical features. Results Grahani Roga is primarily caused by Agnimandya leading to improper digestion and formation of Ama, which in turn vitiates Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. The symptoms such as Muhurbaddha Muhurdrava Mala, Adhmana, Udarashoola, and irregular bowel habits closely resemble IBS features like diarrhea, constipation, bloating, and abdominal discomfort. The chronic relapsing nature of both conditions further strengthens this correlation. Conclusion Grahani Roga can be closely correlated with Irritable Bowel Syndrome based on similarities in etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations. Ayurveda offers a holistic approach focusing on correction of Agni, elimination of Ama, and restoration of gut function, which can be effectively applied in the management of IBS.