CORRELATION OF PANDU WITH CHILDHOOD IRON DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA: A NARRATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

Background: Childhood Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA) remains one of the most common nutritional disorders worldwide, especially in developing countries. In Ayurveda, Pandu is described as a Rasapradoshaja and Raktapradoshaja Vyadhi characterized mainly by pallor, weakness, and loss of vitality. Classical descriptions of Pandu show striking clinical similarity with Iron Deficiency Anaemia seen in children. Aim -To study and correlate the concept of Pandu described in Ayurveda with Childhood Iron Deficiency Anaemia. Objectives To review classical Ayurvedic descriptions of Pandu with special reference to childhood. To compare the Nidana, Lakshana, and Samprapti of Pandu with Childhood Iron Deficiency Anaemia. To understand the relevance of Ayurvedic principles in the prevention and management of childhood anaemia. Materials and Methods: A narrative review was conducted using classical Ayurvedic texts including Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridaya, along with contemporary medical literature related to childhood Iron Deficiency Anaemia. Conceptual correlations were drawn based on Nidana, Lakshana, Samprapti, and Chikitsa Siddhanta. Results: The clinical features of Pandu such as Pandu Varna, Daurbalya, Shrama, Hridayaspandana, and Aruchi closely resemble manifestations of childhood Iron Deficiency Anaemia. Etiological factors like Alpa Ahara, Asatmya Ahara, Krimi, and Agnimandya parallel poor dietary intake, malabsorption, and parasitic infestations in modern medicine. Pathogenetically, impairment of Rasa and Rakta Dhatu mirrors reduced hemoglobin synthesis. Discussion: The Samprapti of Pandu involves Agni Dushti, Rasavaha Srotodushti, and subsequent Rakta Kshaya, which aligns well with the pathophysiology of iron deficiency leading to anaemia. Childhood susceptibility can be explained by Bala Avastha, rapid growth demands, and immature Dhatu Paripakva status. Ayurvedic management principles focusing on Deepana, Pachana, Raktavardhaka, and Rasayana therapy provide a holistic approach to childhood IDA. Conclusion: A strong conceptual and clinical correlation exists between Pandu and Childhood Iron Deficiency Anaemia. Understanding this correlation supports the relevance of Ayurvedic diagnostic and therapeutic principles in the prevention and management of nutritional anaemia in children.