ROLE OF AHĀRA AND VIRUDDHA AHĀRA IN DOṢHA HOMEOSTASIS AND DISEASE CAUSATION: AN EVIDENCE-BASED APPROACH

Abstract

Background: In Āyurveda, Ahāra (diet) is considered one of the foundational pillars of life (Trayopastambha), responsible for nourishment, tissue development (Dhātu-puṣṭi), and vitality (Ojas). However, the consumption of Viruddha Ahāra (incompatible food) is believed to disturb Agni (digestive fire), cause Ama formation, and lead to Doṣha imbalance, thereby initiating the disease process. Aim and Objectives: This review aims to explore the classical and contemporary understanding of Ahāra and Viruddha Ahāra, their role in Doṣha homeostasis, and their contribution to disease etiologic with evidence-based support. Material and Methods: Data were compiled from classical texts like Charaka Saṃhitā, Suśruta Saṃhitā, and Aṣṭāṅga Hṛdaya, along with modern scientific literature accessed through PubMed, Google Scholar, and SCOPUS. Observational studies, clinical trials, and review papers related to dietary incompatibility and health outcomes were included. Results: Numerous Viruddha Ahāra combinations (e.g., milk with sour fruits, yogurt at night) disturb digestive function and correlate with gastrointestinal disorders, metabolic syndromes, and autoimmune diseases. Scientific studies support the biochemical basis of these incompatibilities. Conclusion: Proper understanding and implementation of compatible Ahāra practices can help maintain Doṣha equilibrium and prevent disease. Avoidance of Viruddha Ahāra should be integrated into modern preventive healthcare protocols.