AN AYURVEDIC PERCEPTION ABOUT INDRIYA VIGYAN –A CONCEPTUAL STUDY

Abstract

Indriya Vigyan is a pivotal concept in Ayurveda, focusing on the understanding of sensory organs (Indriyas), their physiology, and their relationship with perception and cognition. The term Indriya encompasses both the sensory faculties that enable interaction with the external world and the motor faculties responsible for action. According to Ayurvedic philosophy, there are ten Indriyas, classified into five Jnanendriyas (sense organs) — eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin — responsible for perceiving form, sound, smell, taste, and touch, and five Karmendriyas (motor organs) — hands, feet, vocal apparatus, anus, and genitals — which enable action. The Indriyas operate under the control of the mind (Manas), which integrates sensory inputs and coordinates motor responses. The functioning of Indriyas is governed by Prana Vayu (a subtype of Vata dosha), which facilitates sensory perception, and is supported by the healthy functioning of Sharir (body), Manas (mind), and Atma (soul). Ayurvedic texts emphasize the role of balanced Tridoshas and a calm mind in maintaining optimal sensory and motor functions. This concept also extends to the pathological aspects, where the dysfunction of Indriyas is linked to specific dosha imbalances and diseases. The study of Indriya Vigyan provides a comprehensive framework for understanding sensory and motor physiology in an integrative manner, offering insights into diagnostics, therapeutics, and the maintenance of holistic health.