MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC EVALUATION OF SUNTHI CHOORNA (POWDER OF DRIED RHIZOME OF ZINGIBER OFFICINALE ROSC.)

Abstract

Introduction: Pharmacognosy involves the comprehensive analysis of medicinal plants to evaluate their quality, purity, and medicinal potential. This study focuses on the macroscopic and microscopic evaluation of Sunthi choorna—the powdered form of the dried rhizome of Zingiber officinale Rosc.

Methods: The study was conducted in the Pharmacognosy lab of the Department of Dravyaguna Vigyana, Government Ayurveda College, Tripunithura, and CARe Keralam Ltd, Thrissur. Macroscopic characteristics including color, texture, odor, and taste were assessed using visual and tactile methods. Microscopic evaluation involved preparing slides of the powdered sample treated with chloral hydrate, phloroglucinol, HCl, safranine, and glycerin. Observations were made under digital and compound microscopes at varying magnifications.

Results: Macroscopic analysis revealed that Sunthi choorna is yellowish-brown, fine-textured, aromatic, and pungent. Microscopic examination identified significant cellular components, including cork cells (in sectional and surface view), lignified stone cells, trichomes, fibers, and vascular elements such as annular and reticulate vessels. Abundant starch grains, oil globules, sclereids, calcium oxalate crystals, and parenchyma fragments were also noted.

Conclusion: The macroscopic and microscopic evaluation confirms the distinctive physical and cellular features of Sunthi choorna, providing valuable insights into its identification and authentication. These findings support its safe and consistent use in traditional medicine.