ROLE OF NIDANA-PANCHAKA IN EARLY DISEASE PREDICTION: AYURVEDIC REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/prl.ijayush.v15i08.2549Keywords:
Ayurveda; Nidāna-Pañcaka; Diagnosis; Pūrvārūpa; Upaśaya; Samprāpti; Tridoṣa; PrakṛtiAbstract
Ayurveda describes several methods for disease diagnosis, among which Nidāna-Pañcaka holds a central position. It provides a systematic approach to understanding disease through five components: Nidāna (etiological factors), Pūrvārūpa (prodromal symptoms), Rūpa (clinical signs and symptoms), Upaśaya (therapeutic tests and responses), and Samprāpti (pathogenesis). Diagnosis in Ayurveda is primarily based on the patient’s Prakṛti, which is determined by the predominance of Vāta, Pitta, and Kapha. Imbalance of these Tridoṣas, largely influenced by improper diet and lifestyle (Ahāra and Vihāra), leads to disease manifestation. Accurate diagnosis is considered the foundation of effective treatment, and Nidāna-Pañcaka offers a logical framework for early detection, differentiation of diseases, and assessment of prognosis. Although other diagnostic methods such as Nāḍī Parīkṣā, Daśavidha Parīkṣā, and Aṣṭavidha Parīkṣā are described, this review highlights the clinical importance of Nidāna-Pañcaka in understanding disease and guiding management.
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