A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF LAUHA KALPA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF UDARASHOOLA: PHARMACEUTICAL PERSPECTIVES AND PROBABLE MECHANISMS OF ACTION

Abstract

Introduction: Rasa Shastra, a specialized branch of Ayurveda, employs processed metals and minerals for therapeutic purposes. Lauha Kalpa, formulations containing Lauha Bhasma as the principal ingredient, are traditionally indicated in various gastrointestinal disorders, including Udarashoola. However, a comprehensive review of these formulations in the context of abdominal pain is lacking. Present efforts were made to understand Lauha Kalpa described in Rasayoga Sagara text for the management of Udarashoola and related gastrointestinal pain disorders and to explore their probable mode of action.

Materials and Methods: A literary review was conducted using Rasayoga Sagara as the primary source to collect Lauha Kalpa bearing the prefix or suffix “Lauha” and indicated for Udarashoola, Shoola, Parinamashoola, Annadravashoola, Kukshishoola, and related gastrointestinal conditions were included. Collected data were analysed and probable mechanisms in Udarashoola were interpreted based on Ayurvedic principles and available scientific evidence.

Results: A total of 35 Lauha Kalpa indicated for Shoola-related disorders were identified. Churna was the most common dosage form, followed by Leha/Avaleha, Gutika, Paniya, and Parpati preparations. The proportion of Lauha Bhasma ranged from 0.9% to 99.99%, with many formulations containing approximately 50%. Triphala was the most frequently used adjuvant ingredient, while Ghrita and Madhu were the most commonly prescribed Anupana. The formulations were indicated in Shoola, Parinamashoola, Kukshishoola, Hridshoola, and associated disorders such as Amlapitta, Grahani, Mandagni, and Udararoga. Their therapeutic potential may be attributed to Deepana, Pachana, Vatanulomana, Pittashamaka, and also cytoprotective & prokinetic actions, which collectively support digestive function and pain relief.

Conclusion: Classical Ayurvedic literature describes numerous Lauha Kalpa specifically indicated for Udarashoola and related abdominal pain disorders. Their diverse pharmaceutical forms, targeted indications, and plausible therapeutic mechanisms highlight their potential role in gastrointestinal care, warranting further pharmacological and clinical investigation.