SHATAPUSHPA TAILA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ALPARTHAVA: A CRITICAL REVIEW OF CLASSICAL AYURVEDIC LITERATURE AND CONTEMPORARY SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE

Abstract

Alparthava, a common menstrual disorder characterized by reduced menstrual flow with or without shortened duration, adversely affects reproductive health and quality of life among women of reproductive age. Contemporary management primarily focuses on hormonal therapy and correction of underlying etiological factors; however, long-term pharmacological treatment may be associated with adverse effects and recurrence following drug withdrawal. Ayurveda describes Alparthava as a disorder predominantly associated with derangement of Vata and Kapha Dosha, impaired Artava Vaha Srotas, and inadequate nourishment of Artava. Among the therapeutic formulations described in classical texts, Shatapushpa Taila has been extensively advocated in Streeroga owing to its Vatanulomana, Artavajanana, Deepana, and Srotoshodhana properties. This review critically examines classical Ayurvedic literature and contemporary scientific evidence regarding the therapeutic role of Shatapushpa Taila in the management of Alparthava. Classical references from major Ayurvedic compendia are synthesized with modern pharmacological findings, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, phytoestrogenic, uterotonic, and endocrine-modulating activities of Shatapushpa (Anethum sowa Roxb.). Available experimental and clinical evidence is evaluated to explore plausible mechanisms underlying its therapeutic efficacy. Furthermore, the review identifies existing research gaps and highlights opportunities for integrating traditional knowledge with contemporary biomedical research. The findings suggest that Shatapushpa Taila possesses considerable therapeutic potential as a safe and holistic intervention for Alparthava; nevertheless, high-quality randomized clinical trials and mechanistic studies are warranted to establish its efficacy and strengthen its evidence base within integrative gynecological practice.