UNDERSTANDING DUSHTAVRANA: AN AYURVEDIC CONCEPTUAL REVIEW

Abstract

Background Dushtavrana is one of the most important surgical conditions described in Ayurveda, representing a chronic or non-healing wound resulting from vitiation of the Doshas, contamination, tissue destruction, and impaired wound healing. Acharya Sushruta, regarded as the Father of Surgery, has described Vrana and its management in great detail, emphasizing that proper wound healing depends upon balanced Doshas, healthy Dhatus, adequate nutrition, and appropriate local care. When these factors become disturbed, the wound develops unhealthy characteristics such as pain, swelling, foul discharge, discoloration, slough formation, unhealthy granulation tissue, and delayed healing, collectively termed Dushtavrana. The classical principles of Vrana Shodhana, Vrana Ropana, Shastra Karma, and Rasayana Chikitsa provide a comprehensive approach for wound management, many aspects of which closely resemble modern concepts of chronic wound care. Aim To review the classical concept of Dushtavrana and its management according to Ayurveda and correlate it with modern concepts of chronic wound healing. Objectives To review the concept of Dushtavrana described in Ayurvedic classics.  To understand its etiopathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, and management. To correlate Dushtavrana with modern concepts of chronic wounds.  Materials and Methods The present conceptual review was carried out by studying classical Ayurvedic texts including Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya, and Madhava Nidana. Standard surgical textbooks and published scientific literature related to chronic wound healing were also reviewed. The collected information was critically analyzed and interpreted. Results & Discussion The concept of Dushtavrana closely resembles the modern understanding of chronic infected wounds. Integration of classical Ayurvedic wound management principles with evidence-based modern care may improve healing outcomes and reduce complications. Conclusion Ayurveda provides a holistic approach to wound management through local cleansing, tissue regeneration, correction of systemic pathology, and promotion of natural healing. Early identification and appropriate management of Dushtavrana can significantly improve wound healing and quality of life.