ANAEMIA MUKTH BHARAT AND ROLE OF AYUSH SYSTEMS TO ADDRESS THE INCREASING PREVALENCE OF ANAEMIA IN INDIA: OVERVIEW

Abstract

Background: Anaemia, defined as low blood haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, is a public health problem that affects low, middle, and high-income countries. It has significant adverse health consequences and impacts social and economic development. As per the WHO, it is estimated that 40% of all children, 37% of pregnant women, and 30% of non-pregnant women are affected by anaemia globally. Anaemia consequences vary; it can affect school performance, productivity in adult life, and overall quality of life. This review aims to discuss the rising prevalence of anaemia and its impact and highlight the Anaemia Mukth Bharat campaign and the role of AYUSH systems in addressing it.

Methods: A search was done in "Google Search”, “Google Scholar”, “PubMed”, and "Govt. of India" publications. Articles including review articles, clinical studies, analytical reports, and reports of WHO and Govt. of India publications were included.

Results: The prevalence of anaemia has been increased compared to previous surveys. To address the constant increase in the prevalence of anaemia, the Govt. of India launched the Anaemia Mukth Bharat (AMB) campaign in 2018 with the target to reduce anaemia in vulnerable age groups such as women, children, and adolescents in a life cycle approach, providing preventive and curative mechanisms through a 6×6×6 strategy. The emerging approach of Test, Treat, Talk involves conducting reach-out camps to identify anaemia cases by testing individuals, providing necessary treatment, and engaging in discussions for ongoing management. AYUSH systems have a positive role in the management of anaemia.

Conclusion: The AMB campaign and Test, Treat, Talk approach may have a significant impact in reducing the prevalence of anaemia. AYUSH systems like Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, and Homoeopathy have a positive role in addressing the increasing prevalence rate of anaemia in India with curative and preventive interventions.

Key Words: Anaemia, Anaemia Mukth Bharat, AYUSH, Iron Folic Acid, Test Treat Talk.