ROLE OF DOSHA AND DHATU IN THE MANIFESTATION OF KHALITYA (ALOPECIA)

Abstract

Background Khalitya is described in Ayurveda as a disorder characterized by gradual hair fall leading to baldness. It is mainly considered under Shiroroga and is associated with vitiation of Dosha and depletion or dysfunction of Dhatu. Hair, being a derivative of Asthi Dhatu, reflects the internal equilibrium of body tissues. The involvement of Vata, Pitta, and Kapha along with disturbance in Rasa, Rakta, and Asthi Dhatu plays a crucial role in the manifestation of Khalitya. In modern science, alopecia is understood as hair loss due to hormonal, nutritional, autoimmune, or genetic factors, but Ayurveda provides a deeper systemic explanation through Dosha–Dhatu interaction. AIM To study the role of Dosha and Dhatu in the manifestation of Khalitya (Alopecia). OBJECTIVES To review classical references of Khalitya. To understand the role of Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. To analyze the involvement of Rasa, Rakta, and Asthi Dhatu. To correlate Ayurvedic concepts with modern Alopecia. Materials and Methods A conceptual and literary review was carried out using classical Ayurvedic texts including Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridaya, along with their commentaries. Relevant references regarding Khalitya, Dosha, Dhatu, and Kesha Utpatti were critically analyzed. Modern dermatological literature on alopecia was also reviewed for comparative understanding. Results Classical references indicate that vitiated Pitta associated with Vata affects the hair roots located in the scalp, leading to falling of hair. Kapha and Rakta involvement causes obstruction of hair follicles, preventing regrowth. Asthi Dhatu Kshaya results in weakness of hair structure, as hair is considered the Upadhatu or Mala of Asthi Dhatu. Impairment of Rasa and Rakta Dhatu further disturbs nourishment to hair follicles, accelerating hair fall. Discussion The manifestation of Khalitya is a multifactorial process involving Dosha Prakopa and Dhatu Kshaya. Predominant aggravation of Pitta causes damage to hair follicles due to its heat and sharp qualities. Vata contributes to dryness and degeneration, while Kapha leads to blockage of hair pores. Simultaneously, depletion of Asthi Dhatu weakens hair roots. This integrative view correlates with modern understanding of inflammatory, hormonal, and nutritional causes of alopecia. Conclusion Khalitya results from the combined effect of aggravated Dosha and impaired Dhatu, particularly Pitta, Vata, and Asthi Dhatu. Understanding this interplay helps in planning targeted Ayurvedic management focusing on Dosha Shamana, Dhatu Poshana, and restoration of scalp health.