ROLE OF AGNI AND AMA IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF STRI VANDHYATVA (FEMALE INFERTILITY): A CRITICAL REVIEW

Abstract

In the modern era, sedentary lifestyle and improper dietary habits have led to disturbances in Agni, the fundamental digestive and metabolic force described in Ayurveda. Proper functioning of Agni is essential for digestion, tissue nourishment, immunity, and overall health. Impairment of Agni results in incomplete digestion and formation of Ama, a toxic metabolic by-product that obstructs bodily channels (Srotas) and initiates disease processes. Ayurveda considers Mandagni as the root cause of all diseases. Stri Vandhyatva (female infertility) is a multifactorial condition influenced by disturbances in Garbha Sambhava Samagri—Ritu, Kshetra, Ambu, and Beeja—as well as mental and Dosha imbalance, particularly of Vata. Vitiated Agni leads to Ama accumulation, impaired tissue formation, and inadequate nourishment of reproductive organs, thereby affecting fertility. Maintenance of balanced Agni ensures proper digestion, absorption, formation of healthy Dhatus, and enhancement of Ojas. Thus, correction of Agni and elimination of Ama form the cornerstone in the Ayurvedic management of Stri Vandhyatva.