ROLE OF MANA IN HEALTH AND DISEASE: AN AYURVEDIC REVIEW

Abstract

Background:
Ayurveda considers Mana as an integral component of life, functioning in close coordination with Sharira (body) and Atma. Classical texts clearly state that health is not limited to physical well-being alone but includes mental balance and clarity. Disturbance of Mana plays a central role in the origin and progression of many diseases, both mental and psychosomatic. Aim To review the role of Mana in the maintenance of health and in the causation of disease according to Ayurvedic principles. Objectives To explain the Ayurvedic concept and functions of Mana. To study the role of Satva, Rajas, and Tamas in mental balance and imbalance. To understand the involvement of Mana in the pathogenesis of mental and psychosomatic diseases. Materials and Methods: This review is based on a detailed study of classical Ayurvedic texts such as Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya, and their available commentaries. Relevant modern literature related to mind–body interaction was also referred for conceptual correlation. Observations: Ayurveda describes Mana as Ubhayendriya, having both sensory and motor functions. Normal functioning of Mana maintains harmony between Dosha, Dhatu, and Mala. Vitiation of Rajas and Tamas leads to mental imbalance, which acts as a causative or aggravating factor for diseases like Unmada, Apasmara, Chittodvega, and several somatic disorders through psychosomatic pathways. Discussion: The Ayurvedic concept of Mana highlights the strong influence of mental factors such as emotions, stress, fear, anger, and grief on physical health. Principles like Satvavajaya Chikitsa, Achar Rasayana, and regulation of Ahara and Vihara emphasize mental discipline as a therapeutic and preventive approach. This shows that mental health is not treated in isolation but as part of a holistic health model. Conclusion: Mana plays a decisive role in both the preservation of health and the manifestation of disease. Balanced Mana supports physical, mental, and social well-being, while disturbed Mana contributes significantly to disease development. Understanding and managing Mana through Ayurvedic principles is essential for comprehensive healthcare and disease prevention.