IMPACT OF NYAYA PHILOSOPHY ON THE ELABORATION OF AYURVEDIC PRINCIPLES: A DETAILED EXAMINATION

Abstract

Nyaya, or maxims, represent concise expressions of universal truths or principles in Sanskrit literature, particularly within Ayurveda. These maxims serve as interpretive tools to elucidate complex concepts, enhance textual understanding, and facilitate clinical application. This review explores the etymology, historical evolution, classification, and significance of Nyaya in Ayurvedic texts such as Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridaya. Drawing from classical commentaries, we highlight how Nyaya aids in explaining physiological processes (e.g., Dhatu-poshana), pathogenesis, therapeutics, and differential diagnosis. Key examples, including Kedarikulya Nyaya, Ksheeradadhi Nyaya, and Shringagrahika Nyaya, demonstrate their role in bridging theoretical principles with practical implementation. By synthesizing evidence from primary sources, this article underscores Nyaya's indispensable value in modern Ayurvedic education, research, and practice, advocating for their integration to resolve ambiguities and promote evidence-based interpretations.