UNDERSTANDING JAULAUKAVACHARANA: A CONCEPTUAL AND THERAPEUTIC STUDY IN THE LIGHT OF AYURVEDA

Abstract

Jaulaukavacharana (leech therapy) is one of the prominent Anushastra Karmas mentioned in Ayurveda. It is primarily indicated for Raktaja disorders, where vitiated blood plays a significant role in disease pathogenesis. This therapy is valued for its minimally invasive nature, natural bloodletting process, and broad therapeutic applications, making it relevant in both classical and modern clinical contexts. To study Jaulaukavacharana conceptually and therapeutically in the light of Ayurveda. To review classical references. To describe procedure and technique. To analyze pharmacological actions. To outline indications and contraindications. To assess therapeutic relevance in modern practice. This conceptual study draws upon classical Ayurvedic texts such as Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridaya, alongside modern research articles. The methodology includes literary review, analysis of indications, procedural details, pharmacological properties of leech saliva, and clinical applications. Classical references highlight Jaulaukavacharana as a safe and effective Raktamokshana technique. Modern research corroborates its therapeutic value, demonstrating anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial properties of bioactive compounds in leech saliva. The therapy has shown promising outcomes in conditions such as Vatarakta, Twak Vikara, non-healing ulcers, and venous disorders. Jaulaukavacharana remains a vital therapeutic modality bridging Ayurveda and modern biomedical sciences. Its conceptual foundation in Ayurveda and proven modern clinical relevance make it a safe, natural, and effective therapeutic option in specific Raktaja and inflammatory disorders.