CHIKITSA OF MANAS ROGAS IN DIFFERENT SAMHITAS: A COMPARATIVE LITERARY REVIEW

Abstract

Background: Manas Rogas (mental disorders) have been discussed across the Ayurvedic classical texts with varying nomenclature, pathogenesis, and management protocols. The Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridaya provide insightful and foundational descriptions of these disorders under the framework of Tridosha, Triguna, and Manovaha Srotas. Understanding the Ayurvedic management (Chikitsa) of Manas Rogas through a comparative study of these Samhitas can offer integrative perspectives for contemporary psychiatric care. Aim: To critically review and compare the Chikitsa (therapeutic approaches) of Manas Rogas as described in Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridaya. Objectives: To explore the classical understanding of Manas and its disorders (Manas Rogas) in Ayurvedic literature. To identify and compare the treatment approaches—Daivavyapashraya, Yuktivyapashraya, and Satvavajaya Chikitsa—across different Samhitas. To highlight the similarities and unique contributions of each Samhita in the management of selected mental disorders. To assess the relevance of classical Ayurvedic therapies in the context of modern psychosomatic and psychiatric disorders. Materials and Methods: A qualitative literary review of Brihattrayi—Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Hridaya—along with their respective commentaries was conducted. Data was extracted regarding the etiopathogenesis, classification, and Chikitsa of Manas Rogas. Comparative analysis was performed thematically with supporting Sanskrit references. Results: Charaka Samhita emphasizes Triguna and Dosha-based causation and prioritizes Satvavajaya Chikitsa alongside Yuktivyapashraya. Sushruta Samhita discusses Manas Rogas under surgical and systemic contexts, with specific Shodhana measures and dietary regimens. Ashtanga Hridaya offers concise and integrated protocols, combining Rasayana, Satvavajaya, and lifestyle modifications. All three texts acknowledge the role of Daivavyapashraya Chikitsa (mantra, japa, homa) in managing severe mental afflictions. Conclusion: The Chikitsa of Manas Rogas across Ayurvedic Samhitas reflects a multidimensional approach integrating spiritual, psychological, and pharmacological therapies. Each text provides a unique emphasis, yet together they form a comprehensive blueprint for managing psychiatric disorders in Ayurvedic practice. These insights can be foundational for modern integrative mental health models.