EFFICACY OF VARUNADI KWATHA IN MANAGING VATASTHILA (BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA): A REVIEW OF CONCEPT

Abstract

Background: Vatasthila, an Ayurvedic term described under Mutraghata, refers to a hard swelling at the base of the bladder causing obstructive urinary symptoms. This condition bears a close clinical resemblance to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), a highly prevalent urological disorder in elderly men characterized by lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) such as hesitancy, weak stream, and incomplete voiding. The limitations and side effects of conventional treatments for BPH have led to increased interest in traditional remedies like Varunadi Kwatha, a classical Ayurvedic decoction known for its Vatahara, Shothahara, and Mutrala properties. Objectives: To explore and critically analyze the conceptual basis, classical references, pharmacological actions, and clinical relevance of Varunadi Kwatha in the management of Vatasthila with special reference to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Methods: A comprehensive review of classical Ayurvedic texts including Charaka Samhita, Suśruta Samhita, and Bhavaprakaśa Nighantu was conducted to understand the concept of Vatasthila and the therapeutic indications of Varunadi Kwatha. Scientific databases like PubMed, AYUSH Research Portal, and Google Scholar were searched for pharmacological and clinical evidence related to the individual ingredients of Varunadi Kwatha. Emphasis was given to modern studies demonstrating anti-inflammatory, anti-prostatic, and diuretic properties. Results: The ingredients of Varunadi Kwatha, including Varuna (Crataeva nurvala), Gokshura (Tribulus terrestris), Pashanabheda (Bergenia ligulata), Shunthi (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), Yavakshara (Hordeum vulgare Linn.), exhibit properties beneficial for reducing prostate size, relieving urinary obstruction, and managing inflammation. Several preclinical and limited clinical studies support its efficacy in improving symptoms of BPH. Conceptually, it aligns with the Ayurvedic management principles of Vata Vyadhi and Mutraghata. Conclusion: Varunadi Kwatha offers a promising, evidence-supported Ayurvedic intervention for managing Vatasthila w.s.r. to BPH. Its multifaceted actions support both symptomatic relief and reduction of prostatic enlargement. Further large-scale clinical studies are warranted for validation and standardization.