ROLE OF SIDDHA SYSTEM OF MEDICINE IN DENTISTRY

Authors

  • Vinodini Ramamoorthy National Institute of Siddha, Tambaram sanatorium, Chennai - 47

Abstract

Abstract:  Siddha medicines which include herbals, metals and minerals are used in dentistry for treatment of various dental disorders. Organic phytochemicals from plants which are used in traditional medicine are believed to be a good substitute to synthetic chemicals. They could offer an effective alternative to antibiotics and represent a promising approach to the prevention and therapeutic strategies for various oral infections. The herbal remedies have an edge over conventional antibiotic treatment that suffer the limitation of low benefit to high risk as compared to herbal treatment that possess high benefit to low-risk ratio. Through several hundred to several thousand years of use, the botanicals in the Siddha System of Medicine have been proven to be safe and effective. The literature shows that several herbal formulations have the capacity to control the production of pro inflammatory mediators, thereby managing many inflammatory processes. The use of such herbal anti-inflammatory formulations for a longer period of time was found to be safer than that of chemical anti-inflammatory drugs. The present review highlights the role of Siddha in the management of various oral health problems. The current scientific evidence based review is concentrated on practicable role of Siddha medicine in the management of various oral health problems.

Keywords: Siddha medicine, Dental diseases, Dental treatment

Author Biography

  • Vinodini Ramamoorthy, National Institute of Siddha, Tambaram sanatorium, Chennai - 47
    Department of Kuzhanthai maruthuvam (Pediatric)

References

Petersen PE, Bourgeois D, Ogawa H, Estupinan Day S, Ndiaye C. The global burden oforal diseases and risks to oral health. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2005;83(9): 661–69.

Petersen PE. The World Oral Health Report 2003: continuous improvement of oral healthin the 21st century - the approach of the WHO Global Oral Health Program Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology., 2003; 31(Suppl. 1): 3– 24.

Szyszkowska Anna, Koper Joanna, Szczerba Joanna, Marta Puławska, DominikaZajde L. The use of medicinal plants in dental treatment. HerbaPolonica. 2010;56(1):97–107.

Sinha DJ, Sinha AA. Natural medicaments in dentistry. Ayu. 2014 Apr;35(2):113-8.

Bhardwaj A, Bhardwaj SV. Role of Medicinal Herbs in Prevention and Treatment of Dental Diseases. AAM 2012; 1(3): 95-101.

Priti D.Diwan1, Yashashree A. Gadhikar*. Phytochemical composition and inhibition of oral pathogens by FicusBenghalensis (Linn.) Root extracts. International journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences.Vol 6, issue 3, 2014

F. Michael Bernard Prashanth, I. Kannan*, Cecilia Sambandam, M. Jayalakshmi, R.K. Premavathy and S. Shantha Study on In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of FicusBengalensis Linn. On Dental Caries Pathogens Streptococcus Mutans And ActinomycesViscosus International Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences And Research Vol 4, issue 2, 2013]

Chava VR, Manjunath SM, Rajanikanth AV, Sridevi N. The efficacy of neem extract on four microorganisms responsible for causing dental caries viz Streptococcus Mutans, Streptococcus Salivarius, Streptococcus Mitis and Streptococcus Sanguis: An In Vitro study. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2012;13:769–72.

Dhanya Kumar NM, Sidhu P. The antimicrobial activity of AzardirachtaIndica, GlycyrrhizaGlabra, CinnamumZeylanicum, SyzygiumAromaticum, AccaciaNilotica on Streptococcus Mutans And Enterococcus Faecalis-An In Vitro study

Wolinsky Le Mania S, Nachnani S, Ling S. The inhibiting effect of aqueous AzadirachtaIndica (Neem) extract upon bacterial properties influencing In Vitro plaque formation. J Dent Res. 1996;75:816–22.

Pai MR, Acharya LD, Udupa N. Evaluation of antiplaque activity of AzadirachtaIndica leaf extract gel-A 6-week clinical study. J Ethnopharmacol. 2004;90:99–103.

Lakshmi T, Aravind Kumar S. Antibacterial evaluation of AzadirachtaIndicaethanolic leaf extract against selected acidogenic oral bacteria causing dental plaque in fixed orthodontic appliance patients - An Invitro study. J Bot Res. 2012;1:30–40.

Botelho MA, Santos RA, Martins JG, Carvalho CO, Paz MC, Azenha C, et al. Efficacy of a mouthrinse based on leaves of the neem tree (Azadirachtaindica) in the treatment of patients with chronic gingivitis: A doubleblind, randomized, controlled trial. J Med Plant Res. 2008;2:341–6.

Torwane, Nilesh Arjun et al. “Role of Ayurveda in management of oral health.” Pharmacognosy reviews vol. 8,15 (2014): 16-21. doi:10.4103/0973-7847.125518

Devanand Gupta, BDS, MDS, Rajendra Kumar Gupta, PhD. Investigation of antibacterial efficacy of Acacia nilotica against salivary mutans streptococci: a randomized control trial. Microbiology. General Dentistry January/February 2015

Pote M and Hirapure P: Antimicrobial Potential of Acacia Nilotica Extracts on Few Dental Pathogens. Int J Pharm Sci Res2014; 5(11): 4756-59.doi: 10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.5 (11).4756-59.vol 5 issue 11

Yadav, Roma et al. “Evaluation of antibacterial activity of Achyranthesaspera extract against Streptococcus mutans: An in vitro study.” Journal of advanced pharmaceutical technology & research vol. 7,4 (2016): 149-152. doi:10.4103/2231-4040.191426

Roma Yadav, Radhika Rai,1 Abhishek Yadav, Meetika Pahuja,2 Savita Solanki,3 and Himani Yadav Evaluation of antibacterial activity of Achyranthesaspera extract against Streptococcus mutans: An in vitro study J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2016 Oct-Dec; 7(4): 149–152

Tahir, Lubna& Ahmed, Safia& Hussain, Naqi &Perveen, Irum& Rahman, Salma. (2012). Effect of leaves extract of indigenous species of Syzygiumcumini on dental caries causing pathogens. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences. 3

Namba TM, Tsunezuka NK, Dissanayake UP and Hattori M: Studies on dental caries prevention by traditional medicines part VII, Screening of Ayurvedic medicines for antiplaque action , ShoyakugakuZasshi 1985; 39(2): 146.

Prateek A, Meena RK and Yadav B: Antimicrobial activity of cumini. Indian J Applied Res 2015; 5(9): 63-66.

Saifudin, Azis&Forentin, Alfian&Fadhilah, Arini&Tirtodiharjo, Kuswandi&DyahMelani, Witri&Widyasari, Devita&AgusSaroso, Tri. (2016). Bioprospecting for anti-Streptococcus mutans: The activity of 10% Sesbania grandiflora flower extract comparable to erythromycin. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. 6. 10.1016/j.apjtb.2016.07.004.

Torwane, Nilesh Arjun et al. “Role of Ayurveda in management of oral health.” Pharmacognosy reviews vol. 8,15 (2014): 16-21. doi:10.4103/0973-7847.125518

P Singh; G Mishra; KK Jha; V kumar. Int J Chem Tech Res, 2010, 2(3), 1686 – 1690.

FauziyaBasri, H.P. Sharma, SazyaFirdaus, Paras Jain and AlokRanjan. A review of ethnomedicinal plant-Vitexnegundo Linn. International Journal of Advanced Research (2014), Volume 2, Issue 3, 882-894

Sharma Hunny, Yunus G Y, Mohapatra Ashok Kumar, Kulshrestha Reena, Agrawal Rohit, Kalra Monika. Antimicrobial efficacy of three medicinal plants Glycyrrhizaglabra, Ficusreligiosa, and Plantago major on inhibiting primary plaque colonizers and periodontal pathogens: An in vitro study. Year, 2016. Volume,27. Issue Number, 2. Page, 200-204

Chandrasekar, S B et al. “Phytopharmacology of Ficusreligiosa.” Pharmacognosy reviews vol. 4,8 (2010): 195-9. doi:10.4103/0973-7847.70918

Torwane, Nilesh Arjun et al. “Role of Ayurveda in management of oral health.” Pharmacognosy reviews vol. 8,15 (2014): 16-21. doi:10.4103/0973-7847.125518

DeepanjeetKaur , Kaushal K Chandrul., Syzygiumaromaticum L. (Clove): A vital herbal drug used in periodontal disease.Indian J. Pharm. Biol. Res.2017; 5(2)45--51.

Jamil A, Steinberg D, Ludmer Z, Golan T, Naor R, Bachrach G. Garlic allicin as a means to control oral pathogens. Work submitted to the Hebrew university, Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel. Available at http://iadr.confex.com/iadr/israel07/ techprogram/abstract_96642.htm

Bakri I, Douglas C. Inhibitory effect of garlic extract on oral bacteria. Arch Oral Biol 2005;50(7):645-51.

Madhulika S, Ekta S (2013) Preliminary photochemical investigation aristata, Acacia Catechu and FicusBengalenesis of berberis. International Journal of Biological & Pharmaceutical Research 4: 614-617.

Shruthi D, Geetha RV (2018) Effect of Herbal Extracts in Prevention of Dental Caries - An In Vitro Study. Int J Drug Dev & Res 10: 20-21

Lakshmi.T, Geetha R.V, Anitha Roy “In vitro Evaluation of Anti-bacterial Activity of Acacia catechu willd Heartwood Extract.”International journal of Pharma and Biosciences. 2011;2(2)PP48-50

Geetha R.V, Anitha Roy, Lakshmi.T “In vitro evaluation of Anti-bacterial activity of heartwood extract of acacia catechu on oral microbes”. International journal of current research and review .2011 ;3 (6) PP419-422

Rôças IN, Siqueira JF, Santos KRN. Association of Enterococcus faecalis with different forms of periradicular diseases. J Endod 2004;30:315–20

Sakanaka S, Aizawa M, Kim M, Yamamoto T. Inhibitory effects of green tea polyphenols on growth and cellular adherence of an oral bacterium, Porphyromonasgingivalis. Biosci Biotech Biochem. 1996;60:745–9.

Sakanaka S, Okada Y. Inhibitory effects of green tea polyphenols on the production of a virulence factor of the periodontal-disease-causing anaerobic bacterium Porphyromonasgingivalis. J Agric Food Chem. 2004;52:1688–92.

Lodhia P, Yaegaki K, Khakbaznejad A, Imai T, Sato T, Tanaka T, et al. Effect of green tea on volatile sulfur compounds in mouth air. J NutrSciVitaminol (Tokyo) 2008; 54:89–94.

Sharma Swati, BhuyanLipsa, Ramachandra Sujatha, Sharma Smriti, Dash Kailash Chandra, DhullKanika Singh. Effects of green tea on periodontal health: A prospective clinical study. Year : 2017 | Volume: 9 | Issue Number: 2 | Page: 39-44

Torwane, Nilesh Arjun et al. “Role of Ayurveda in management of oral health.” Pharmacognosy reviews vol. 8,15 (2014): 16-21. doi:10.4103/0973-7847.125518

C. Mahima and V. Hazeena Begum Effect of Achyranthesaspera Root and Terminalia arjuna Bark on Aerotolerant Responses in Streptococcus mutans. Journal of Chemistry, Volume 2013, Article ID 345059, 6 pages

Pradeep S. Tangade, Anmol Mathur, Amit Tirth, SoumikKabasi- Anti-gingivitis Effects of Acacia arabica-containing Toothpaste The Chinese Journal of Dental Research Volume 15, Number 1, 2012

RameshwariSinghal, VivekAgarwal, PavitraRastogi, RichaKhanna,ShuchiTripathi Efficacy of Acacia arabica gum as an adjunct to scaling and root planning in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A randomized controlled clinical trial.The Saudi Dental Journal Volume 30, Issue 1, January 2018, Pages 53-62

Sharma H, Yunus GY, Mohapatra AK, Kulshrestha R, Agrawal R, Kalra M.

Antimicrobial efficacy of three medicinal plants Glycyrrhizaglabra, Ficusreligiosa, and Plantago major on inhibiting primary plaque colonizers and periodontal pathogens: An in vitro study. Indian J Dent Res. 2016 Mar-Apr;27(2):200-4.

Pharmacogn Rev. 2014 Jul-Dec; 8(16): 96–100Psidium guajava: A review on its potential as an adjunct in treating periodontal disease K. Ravi and P. Divyashree

Shu Y, Liu Y, Li L, Feng J, Lou B, Zhou X, et0 al. Antibacterial activity of quercetin on oral infectious pathogens. Afr J Microbiol Res. 2011;5:5358–61. [Google Scholar]

Geoghegan F, Wong RW, Rabie AB. Inhibitory effect of quercetin on periodontal pathogens in vitro. Phytother Res. 2010;24:817–20. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Abdelrahim SI, Almagboul AZ, Omer ME, Elegami A. Antimicrobial activity of Psidiumguajava L. Fitoterapia. 2002;73:713–5. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Fathilah AR. Piper betle L. and Psidiumguajava L. in oral health maintenance. J Med Plant Res. 2011;5:156–63. [Google Scholar]

Kraivaphan V, Boonyamanound L, Amornchat C, Trirantana T, Kraivaphan P. The effect of a mouthrinse containing Psidiumguajava leaf extract on gingivitis. J Dent Assoc Thai. 1991;41:323–8. [Google Scholar]

John NR, Gala VC, Sawant CS. Inhibitory effects of plant extracts on multi-species dental biofilm formation in-vitro. Int J Pharm Bio Sci. 2013;4:487–95. [Google Scholar]

Damiano S, Forino M, De A, Vitali LA, Lupidi G, Taglialatela-Scafati O. Antioxidant and antibiofilm activities of secondary metabolites from Ziziphusjujuba leaves used for infusion preparation.Food Chemistry Volume 230, 1 September 2017, Pages 24-29.

Downloads

Published

2019-12-13